DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is a long molecule that contains our unique genetic code. Like a recipe book, it holds the instructions for making all the proteins in our bodies.
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Your genome? is made of a chemical called deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA for short.
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DNA contains four basic building blocks or ‘bases?’: adenine? (A), cytosine? (C), guanine? (G) and thymine? (T).
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The order, or sequence, of these bases, form the instructions in the genome.
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DNA is a two-stranded molecule.
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DNA has a unique ‘double helix’ shape, like a twisted ladder.
An illustration to show the double helix structure of DNA.
Image credit: Genome Research Limited
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Each strand is composed of long sequences of the four bases, A, C, G, and T.
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The bases on one strand of the DNA molecule pair together with complementary? bases on the opposite strand of DNA to form the ‘rungs’ of the DNA ‘ladder’.
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The bases always pair together in the same way, A with T, C with G.
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Each base pair is joined together by hydrogen bonds?.
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Each strand of DNA has a beginning and an end called 5’ (five prime) and 3’ (three prime) respectively.
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The two strands run in the opposite direction (antiparallel) to each other so that one runs 5’ to 3’ and one runs 3’ to 5’, they are called the sense strand and the antisense strand, respectively.
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The strands are separated during DNA replication?.
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This double helix structure was first discovered by Francis Crick and James Watson with the help of Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins.
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The human genome is made of 3.2 billion bases of DNA but other organisms have different genome sizes.
The fact is that DNA mutation mostly caused by exposure to radiation, X-rays, or by using Chemotherapy...
But,
did you know that specific nutritional deficiency can cause the same DNA mutations / Double-strand breaks 24/7 just as if you're exposed to radiation, X-rays, or using Chemotherapy?
Dr. Bruce Ames Stated in His Research Paper: “Deficiency in Vitamin D, ZINC, Calcium, Folate, Magnesium, Potassium, B12, Selenium, Omega-3 EFA, Niacin, Choline, and E, Cause DNA Damage /Mutation (Double Strand break) just as if you are exposed to Radiation 24/7. Which leads to many diseases including Cancer and accelerate aging."
Double-strand breaks in DNA can be lethal to a cell. How do cells fix them?
M. Cristina Negritto, Ph.D. (Dept. of Biology, Pomona College)
The result is double-strand breaks (DSBs) in the chromosome. A DSB can also be caused by environmental exposure to irradiation, other chemical agents such as using Chemotherapy, medicine or ultraviolet light (UV). The good news is that organisms have evolved checkpoint mechanisms (responses that facilitate repair or damage tolerance by arresting cell cycleprogression) that inspect the genome for damage. The cell then goes through a series of repair pathways such as base excision repair (BER), nucleotide excision repair (NER), and double-strand break repair (DSBR) (Hoeijmakers 2001; Aguilera & Gomez-Gonzalez 2008). DSBs are particularly troublesome because they can lead to cell death if not repaired.
Dr. Bruce Ames: "The right nutrients/supplementation can help Lower inflammation and repair DNA mutation". For example, Cancer is the result of a DNA mutation. (The right supplementation can provide an overall shield from inflammation and support a healthy immune system.)
According to Dr. Bharat B. Aggarwal, Ph.D.: “Curcumin can selectively modulate multiple cell signaling pathways linked to inflammation and to survival, growth, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis of cancer cells."
Dr. Ronald Carsten says: “Mice fed Muscadine Grape Skin Powder had protection even against Gene Defects / DNA Mutation.”
Dr. Ronald Carsten said: “The mice consumed the powder two days before radiation and showed significantly improved radiation protection when compared to mice that received no powder”.
Dr. Carsten also compared the effects of the Muscadine grape skin powder to pure resveratrol, which also showed evidence of protection. Some cancer patients that undergo radiation treatment, unfortunately, develop leukemia.
This occurs when a normal stem cell found in bone marrow mutate and grow into tumors, causing leukemia’s or blood cell cancers. A safe and natural way to protect patients is needed and this may be through the use of dietary supplements containing premium French Muscadine grape skin powder.
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Dr. Deepak Chopra says,
- Your body makes a billion cell a day and loses a billion cell a day.
- Your skin rejuvenates every 28 days.
- While new blood cells are formed every 120 days.
- The constant replenishment and regeneration cell-processes need multiple nutrients in the maximum bioavailable formats to provide optimum protection against all aging processes.
